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Taxon profile

genus

Turricula Schumacher, 1817

kingdom Animalia - animals »  phylum Mollusca - mollusks »  class Gastropoda - gastropods »  order Neogastropoda »  family Clavatulidae

Description

Large-sized shells, up to 85 mm., fusiform, with a tall, often turreted spire and a long straight or slightly flexed anterior canal. In shape these shells resemble Lophiotoma, Gemmula or Turris, except for the sinus. which is on the shoulder slope, not the peripheral carina or a minor rib immediately above it, as in Turris. The sinus in Turricula is moderately deep, widely open, U-shaped, with its lower edge confluent with an arcuate forward sweep of the lower outer lip. Protoconch small, erect, broadly conical of 2 - 21 smooth whorls. Adult sculpture varying from almost smooth to strong spirals, which are often rendered gemmate to nodulose by axials, the strongest developmentbeing peripheral. The operculum is ovate,pointed top and bottom, and has a mediolateral nucleus.
The operculum, with its medio-lateral nucleus suggests Clavatula, but in that genus the suture rides high on the preceeding whorl, and is submargined by a very heavy, often nodulous, fold. A very similar genus to Turricula on shell characters is Comitas, but it has a leafshaped operculum, with a terminal nucleus.
Radula of wishbone-type, with or without a vestigial to fully formedunicuspid central, having winged extremities. Typically there is a pair of marginals only, which are elliptical, sharply pointed above, and thickened down each side, so that the whole is wishbone-shaped, but with the extremities connected by an insertion plate. In T. catena and T. fulminata the marginals have the distal basal limb severed, and the central is vestigial. In T. javana the marginals have the severed distal limb also, but there is a well formed unicuspid central with wide but narrow up-curved winglike extensions. In T. spurius the distal limb of the marginal is apparently only partially severed, and the central is narrow with upcurved edges, giving a tricuspid appearance.

Distribution

Range — Recent, Persian Gulf and Mauritius, tropical Indian Ocean generally to Japan and Western Australia to Queensland. Also recorded from tropical west America and the South Atlantic, but some, if not all of these, possibly belong to other genera. Pliocene, of Java, Miocene of India, Burma and Java and Eocene of India. Also recorded extensively from the Paleocene to the Miocene of Europe and the lower Tertiary of the United States, but again other genera may be concerned.

Sources

Powell, A.W.B. : The Molluscan Families Speightiidae and Turridae. 1966.
Author: Jan Delsing

Included taxa

Number of records: 21

species Turricula aethiopica J. Thiele, 1925

Turricula aethiopica

species Turricula amplisulcus K. H. Barnard, 1958

Turricula amplisulcus

species Turricula catena L. A. Reeve, 1843

Turricula catena

species Turricula ceylonica E. A. Smith, 1877

Turricula ceylonica

species Turricula digueti J.F. Mabille, 1898

Turricula digueti

species Turricula faurei K. H. Barnard, 1958

Turricula faurei

species Turricula gemmulaeformis J. Thiele, 1925

Turricula gemmulaeformis

species Turricula granobalteus Ch. Hedley, 1922

Turricula granobalteus

species Turricula javana C. Linnaeus, 1767

Turricula javana

species Turricula kamakurana H. A. Pilsbry, 1895

Turricula kamakurana

species Turricula navarchus J. C. Melvill & R. Standen, 1903

Turricula navarchus

species Turricula nelliae E. A. Smith, 1877

Turricula nelliae

species Turricula paupera R. B. Watson, 1881

Turricula paupera

species Turricula polita R.B. Hinds, 1843

Turricula polita

species Turricula profundorum E. A. Smith, 1896

Turricula profundorum

species Turricula reflexa (L.A. Reeve, 1845)

Turricula reflexa

species Turricula sulcicancellata (K.H. Barnard, 1958)

Turricula sulcicancellata

species Turricula sumatrana J. Thiele, 1925

Turricula sumatrana

species Turricula thurstoni E. A. Smith, 1896
species Turricula tornata Dillwyn, 1817

Turricula tornata

species Turricula turriplana G. B. Sowerby III, 1903

Turricula turriplana


Links and literature

EN The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera [1345015]

Rees, T. (compiler): The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera [https://www.irmng.org] [as Turricula Schumacher, 1817]
Data retrieved on: 30 November 2019

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