Shell medium-sized, height up to 90 mm, solid; protoconch paucispiral; teleoconch consisting of up to eight rounded or shouldered whorls separated by linear, appressed sutures; last whorl comprising less than 50% to more than 70% of total shell height, with flat or concave subsutural ramp, rounded or angulated central sector, and weakly constricted toward base; spiral sculpture of last whorl consisting of up to ten threads on subsutural ramp, three to ten cords or threads on central sector bounded below by strong central cord, and up to 11 threads or cords on base and siphonal canal; axial sculpture consisting of seven to 15 rounded ribs, often obsolete on subsutural ramp and base, sometimes absent on later teleoconch whorls, but usually expressed as nodes at the shoulder angulation; outer lip thin, indeterminate, crenulated at edge, with adapical and abapical sinuses, usually planar on central sector; ventrally directed labral tooth usually developed on outer lip at end of central spiral cord; adaxial side of outer lip with five to 22 deeply recessed, beaded or discontinuous lirae; inner lip adherent, with weakly recessed margin, its adapical end with distinct parietal rib; columella concave, with three to four prominent folds near base, one or more smaller secondary folds occasionally present; umbilical slit absent or very narrow; siphonal canal relatively broad, short (usually less than 45% of height of aperture and canal); siphonal fasciole low, spirally continuous, rounded; aperture relatively narrow (height/breadth, 2.3-3.0).

Leucozonia is distinguished by a combination of features, none of which is unique to the genus. These are the labral tooth (often marked on the shell exterior by a white spiral band), beaded lirae, parietal tooth, linear suture, relatively short siphonal canal, and axial sculpture that is poorly expressed or absent on the subsutural ramp.
The genus is most similar in shell characters to Latirus Montfort, 1810 and Latirolagena G.F. Harris, 1897. Bullock (1974) proposed that the radula of Leucozonia would closely resemble that of Latirus gibbulus (Gmelin, 1791), type species of Latirus and noted that the radula of Latirolagena smaragdulus (Linnaeus, 1758), type and only species of Latirolagena, is Leucozonia-like. All three genera have relatively thick, short-spired shells with a relatively short siphonal canal, and beaded lirae on the inner side of the outer lip.
Latirus s.s. differs from typical Leucozonia by lacking a labral tooth, and from toothless species of Leucozonia by having a strongly convex instead of a planar outer lip. Latirus has a tendency to form an umbilical slit, a feature not seen in Latirolagena or Leucozonia. Latirolagena differs from Leucozonia by lacking a labral tooth, lacking axial sculpture, having a strongly convex outer lip, and having a weakly developed notch where the outer lip meets the penultimate whorl. The outer-lip notch is absent in Latirus and Leucozonia, which generally have a sinus corresponding to the subsutural ramp between the suture and the shoulder angulation.