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Taxon profile

species

Architectonica purpurata (R. B. Hinds, 1844)

kingdom Animalia - animals »  phylum Mollusca - mollusks »  class Gastropoda - gastropods »  order Allogastropoda »  family Architectonicidae - Sundials »  genus Architectonica

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Architectonica purpurata

Author: Bieler, R.

Architectonica purpurata

Author: Bieler, R.

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Description

Large cone-shaped shell with widely open umbilicus; whorls on upper side gemmate, somewhat inflated; two spiral grooves below suture (midrib-area divided subequally, with the upper midrib narrower); groove at the base of lower midrib. Subsutural rib white with pattern of + large reddish-brown blotches extending onto upper midrib; most specimens with reddish-brown axial flames on basal field; proxumbical rib pure white; umbilical crenae reddish-brown (white on body whorl of larger specimens). Protoconch diameter < 1.26 mm.

Teleoconch: Large, diameter of specimens in collections usually 25-35 at 6 to 7 1/2 whorls. Shape: moderately depressed to fairly high-spired cone-shaped, with whorls somewhat inflated (especially on upper side); umbilicus wide (UD ca. 26% of SD). Sculpture: Upper side: SSR distinctly separated; LMR wider than UMR (ca. 2:1, later 3:1); groove at the base of LMR; Periphery: PR strong, with UPR almost as prominent as LPR; upper point of whorl attachment on upper edge of LPR (thereby covering it; suture narrow); upper side and periphery crossed by deeply incised oblique axial grooves, resulting in formation of many elongate oblique segments, becoming smooth on MR-area of body whorl of larger specimens; segments of the two MR not necessarily corresponding; Base: IPR strong; always one additional narrow spiral rib between LPR and IPR; BF without spiral ribs; with radiating plications (especially in younger specimens), stronger towards umbilicus; two distinctly separated nodulose spiral ribs (PUR and UC) surrounding umbilicus, with umbilical crenae very regular; columellar wall forming almost straight inner lip with plications for support of the columellar muscle, with deepest groove in umbilical crenae overhanging umbilicus; no spiral sculpture on umbilical wall. Coloration: SSR initially white, with pattern of reddish-brown blotches (ca. 6-9 per whorl, each 2-4 nodules wide), starting at about 3 Tw; UMR initially purplish-brown, turning tan as LMR after about 2 Tw; beginning with 4th whorl, blotches of SSR extend onto UMR; UPR, LPR and IPR whitish with reddish-brown blotches (each about 2-4 nodules wide); BF marbled in mauve and tan, often with large reddish-brown flames extending from IPR; one spiral band of small brown blotches in front of PUR; PUR pure white; UC reddish-brown, turning white on body whorl of large specimens. - Protoconch: medium-sized to large (1.02-1.26, x = 1.13); distinctly heterostrophic; without anal keel; yellowish-white with brown outer corner in front of varix. - Operculum: as described for genus. - Radula and Anatomy: not known.
Bieler, R. (1993). Architectonicidae of the Indo-Pacific (Mollusca, Gastropoda).

Interchangeable taxa

Shells of Architectonica purpurata resemble those of A. maxima in sculptural features, especially in having a similar subequal division of the midrib-area. The shell, however, is much smaller in size, has a narrower umbilicus, a smaller protoconch, and can be readily separated by the color pattern of large blotches that extend onto the upper midrib, and by the combination of reddish-brown umbilical crenae with a pure-white proxumbical rib. A. stellata is similar.
Bieler, R. (1993). Architectonicidae of the Indo-Pacific (Mollusca, Gastropoda).

Distribution

Northern Indian Ocean to New Guinea in the western Pacific. Records from eastern Indian Ocean and from Hawaiian Islands in need of verification.
Habitat: Sublittoral (no depth records available).
Bieler, R. (1993). Architectonicidae of the Indo-Pacific (Mollusca, Gastropoda).
Author: Jan Delsing

Links and literature

EN Galli C.: WMSDB - Wolrdwide Mollusc Species Data Base July 10, 2013 [http://www.bagniliggia.it/WMSD/WMSDhome....] [as Architectonica purpurata (Hinds, 1844)]
Data retrieved on: 23 November 2013

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